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U.S. telework participation by worker and job characteristics

Monthly telework participation by age, sex, race, education, occupation, industry, and other worker characteristics from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Latest finding

22.1% of people at work teleworked for pay in October 2026

What changed: The latest BLS tables cover 131 published worker, occupation, industry, and schedule rows. Counts are in thousands and data are not seasonally adjusted.

People who teleworked22.1%Release value
People who teleworked35,165,000Release value
Teleworked all hours10.6%Release value
Release chartAge and sexShowing 12 of 29 categories; the complete chart appears with the table below.
22.1%Total, 16 years and over
0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%Total, 16 years and overTotal, 16 years and overTotal, 16 years and over: 22.1%22.1%16 to 24 years16 to 24 years16 to 24 years: 5.9%5.9%16 to 19 years16 to 19 years16 to 19 years: 2%2%20 to 24 years20 to 24 years20 to 24 years: 7.3%7.3%25 to 54 years25 to 54 years25 to 54 years: 24.7%24.7%25 to 34 years25 to 34 years25 to 34 years: 20.8%20.8%35 to 44 years35 to 44 years35 to 44 years: 27.4%27.4%45 to 54 years45 to 54 years45 to 54 years: 26.1%26.1%55 years and over55 years and over55 years and over: 23.3%23.3%55 to 64 years55 to 64 years55 to 64 years: 23%23%65 years and over65 years and over65 years and over: 23.9%23.9%Men, 16 years and overMen, 16 years and overMen, 16 years and over: 20%20%Telework PercentCategory
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Breakdown

Age and sex

Chart viewTotal, 16 years and over: 22.1%
Measure
0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%Total, 16 years and overTotal, 16 years and overTotal, 16 years and over: 22.1%22.1%16 to 24 years16 to 24 years16 to 24 years: 5.9%5.9%16 to 19 years16 to 19 years16 to 19 years: 2%2%20 to 24 years20 to 24 years20 to 24 years: 7.3%7.3%25 to 54 years25 to 54 years25 to 54 years: 24.7%24.7%25 to 34 years25 to 34 years25 to 34 years: 20.8%20.8%35 to 44 years35 to 44 years35 to 44 years: 27.4%27.4%45 to 54 years45 to 54 years45 to 54 years: 26.1%26.1%55 years and over55 years and over55 years and over: 23.3%23.3%55 to 64 years55 to 64 years55 to 64 years: 23%23%65 years and over65 years and over65 years and over: 23.9%23.9%Men, 16 years and overMen, 16 years and overMen, 16 years and over: 20%20%16 to 24 years16 to 24 years16 to 24 years: 4.7%4.7%25 to 54 years25 to 54 years25 to 54 years: 22.3%22.3%Telework PercentCategory
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Age and sex
keylabeltelework percentall hours percentsome hours percentteleworked thousandspeople at work thousands
total-16-years-and-overTotal, 16 years and over22.110.611.535,165159,255
16-to-24-years16 to 24 years5.92.43.51,15519,553
16-to-19-years16 to 19 years21.20.81025,167
20-to-24-years20 to 24 years7.32.84.51,05314,386
25-to-54-years25 to 54 years24.711.613.125,337102,459
25-to-34-years25 to 34 years20.89.111.87,39135,475
35-to-44-years35 to 44 years27.413.4149,85635,933
45-to-54-years45 to 54 years26.112.413.68,09031,050
55-years-and-over55 years and over23.312.111.28,67337,243
55-to-64-years55 to 64 years2311.411.65,95525,852
65-years-and-over65 years and over23.913.810.12,71911,391
men-16-years-and-overMen, 16 years and over208.811.316,80183,808
16-to-24-years16 to 24 years4.72.22.547710,113
25-to-54-years25 to 54 years22.39.412.812,05954,140
25-to-34-years25 to 34 years18.57.5113,52118,997
35-to-44-years35 to 44 years24.810.7144,67518,883
45-to-54-years45 to 54 years23.810.213.63,86216,260
55-years-and-over55 years and over21.810.311.54,26519,555
55-to-64-years55 to 64 years21.49.312.12,86213,401
65-years-and-over65 years and over22.812.610.21,4036,153
women-16-years-and-overWomen, 16 years and over24.312.611.718,36575,447
16-to-24-years16 to 24 years7.22.54.76789,440
25-to-54-years25 to 54 years27.51413.413,27848,319
25-to-34-years25 to 34 years23.510.812.73,87016,478
35-to-44-years35 to 44 years30.416.4145,18117,051
45-to-54-years45 to 54 years28.614.913.74,22814,790
55-years-and-over55 years and over24.914.110.84,40817,688
55-to-64-years55 to 64 years24.813.711.13,09312,450
65-years-and-over65 years and over25.115.1101,3165,238
Breakdown

Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

Chart viewWhite: 22.7%
Measure
0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%WhiteWhiteWhite: 22.7%22.7%MenMenMen: 20.5%20.5%WomenWomenWomen: 25.2%25.2%Black or African AmericanBlack or African AmericanBlack or African American: 15%15%MenMenMen: 11.4%11.4%WomenWomenWomen: 18.4%18.4%AsianAsianAsian: 30.3%30.3%MenMenMen: 30.9%30.9%WomenWomenWomen: 29.5%29.5%Hispanic or Latino ethnicityHispanic or Latino ethnicityHispanic or Latino ethnicity: 12.4%12.4%MenMenMen: 9.4%9.4%WomenWomenWomen: 15.9%15.9%Telework PercentCategory
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Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
keylabeltelework percentall hours percentsome hours percentteleworked thousandspeople at work thousands
whiteWhite22.710.811.926,361116,166
menMen20.58.911.612,76862,163
womenWomen25.21312.213,59354,003
black-or-african-americanBlack or African American157.77.33,02420,152
menMen11.44.96.51,1229,816
womenWomen18.410.481,90210,335
asianAsian30.314.116.23,92612,971
menMen30.914.116.82,0896,755
womenWomen29.514.115.51,8366,216
hispanic-or-latino-ethnicityHispanic or Latino ethnicity12.466.44,18633,731
menMen9.43.65.81,73118,318
womenWomen15.98.87.22,45515,413
Breakdown

Disability status

Chart viewWith a disability: 23%
Measure
0%5%10%15%20%25%30%With a disabilityWith a disabilityWith a disability: 23%23%With no disabilityWith no disabilityWith no disability: 22%22%Telework PercentCategory
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Disability status
keylabeltelework percentall hours percentsome hours percentteleworked thousandspeople at work thousands
with-a-disabilityWith a disability2313.79.31,7667,665
with-no-disabilityWith no disability2210.411.633,399151,590
Breakdown

Foreign born status

Chart viewForeign born: 17.8%
Measure
0%5%10%15%20%25%30%Foreign bornForeign bornForeign born: 17.8%17.8%Native bornNative bornNative born: 23.1%23.1%Telework PercentCategory
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Foreign born status
keylabeltelework percentall hours percentsome hours percentteleworked thousandspeople at work thousands
foreign-bornForeign born17.88.49.55,57431,239
native-bornNative born23.111.11229,592128,016
Breakdown

Marital status

Chart viewMarried, spouse present: 27.5%
Measure
0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%Married, spouse presentMarried, spouse presentMarried, spouse present: 27.5%27.5%Widowed, divorced, or separated(3)Widowed, divorced, or separa…Widowed, divorced, or separated(3): 21.6%21.6%Never marriedNever marriedNever married: 14.6%14.6%Telework PercentCategory
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Marital status
keylabeltelework percentall hours percentsome hours percentteleworked thousandspeople at work thousands
married-spouse-presentMarried, spouse present27.513.314.222,11680,469
widowed-divorced-or-separated-3Widowed, divorced, or separated(3)21.611.210.44,76322,062
never-marriedNever married14.66.58.18,28656,724
Breakdown

Presence of children

Chart viewWith own children under 18: 27%
Measure
0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%With own children under 18With own children under 18With own children under 18: 27%27%With no own children under 18With no own children under 18With no own children under 18: 19.9%19.9%Telework PercentCategory
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Presence of children
keylabeltelework percentall hours percentsome hours percentteleworked thousandspeople at work thousands
with-own-children-under-18With own children under 18271314.112,93747,834
with-no-own-children-under-18With no own children under 1819.99.610.422,228111,421
Breakdown

Educational attainment

Chart viewTotal, 25 years and over: 24.3%
Measure
0%10%20%30%40%50%Total, 25 years and overTotal, 25 years and overTotal, 25 years and over: 24.3%24.3%Less than a high school diplomaLess than a high school dipl…Less than a high school diploma: 3.4%3.4%High school graduates, no college(4)High school graduates, no co…High school graduates, no college(4): 8.5%8.5%Some college or associate degreeSome college or associate de…Some college or associate degree: 18%18%Bachelor's degree and higher(5)Bachelor's degree and higher…Bachelor's degree and higher(5): 38.2%38.2%Bachelor's degree onlyBachelor's degree onlyBachelor's degree only: 36.4%36.4%Advanced degreeAdvanced degreeAdvanced degree: 41%41%Telework PercentCategory
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Educational attainment
keylabeltelework percentall hours percentsome hours percentteleworked thousandspeople at work thousands
total-25-years-and-overTotal, 25 years and over24.311.712.634,011139,702
less-than-a-high-school-diplomaLess than a high school diploma3.42.11.32417,140
high-school-graduates-no-college-4High school graduates, no college(4)8.54.63.92,89334,128
some-college-or-associate-degreeSome college or associate degree181085,99833,293
bachelor-s-degree-and-higher-5Bachelor's degree and higher(5)38.217.420.824,87865,141
bachelor-s-degree-onlyBachelor's degree only36.417.518.914,38039,524
advanced-degreeAdvanced degree4117.423.610,49825,617
Breakdown

Usual full- or part-time status

Chart viewTotal, 16 years and over: 22.1%
Measure
0%5%10%15%20%25%30%Total, 16 years and overTotal, 16 years and overTotal, 16 years and over: 22.1%22.1%Full-time workersFull-time workersFull-time workers: 23.5%23.5%Part-time workersPart-time workersPart-time workers: 15.3%15.3%Telework PercentCategory
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Usual full- or part-time status
keylabeltelework percentall hours percentsome hours percentteleworked thousandspeople at work thousands
total-16-years-and-overTotal, 16 years and over22.110.611.535,165159,255
full-time-workersFull-time workers23.510.612.931,022132,175
part-time-workersPart-time workers15.310.54.84,14427,079
Breakdown

Occupation

Chart viewManagement, professional, and related occupations: 36.2%
Measure
0%20%40%60%80%Management, professional, and related occupationsManagement, professional, an…Management, professional, and related occupations: 36.2%36.2%Management, business, and financial operations occupationsManagement, business, and fi…Management, business, and financial operations occupations: 44%44%Management occupationsManagement occupationsManagement occupations: 38.7%38.7%Business and financial operations occupationsBusiness and financial opera…Business and financial operations occupations: 55.1%55.1%Professional and related occupationsProfessional and related occ…Professional and related occupations: 30.2%30.2%Computer and mathematical occupationsComputer and mathematical oc…Computer and mathematical occupations: 63.1%63.1%Architecture and engineering occupationsArchitecture and engineering…Architecture and engineering occupations: 35.3%35.3%Life, physical, and social science occupationsLife, physical, and social s…Life, physical, and social science occupations: 32.6%32.6%Community and social services occupationsCommunity and social service…Community and social services occupations: 30.8%30.8%Legal occupationsLegal occupationsLegal occupations: 54.7%54.7%Education, training, and library occupationsEducation, training, and lib…Education, training, and library occupations: 12.9%12.9%Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupationsArts, design, entertainment,…Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations: 45%45%Healthcare practitioners and technical occupationsHealthcare practitioners and…Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations: 13%13%Service occupationsService occupationsService occupations: 5.2%5.2%Telework PercentCategory
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Occupation
keylabeltelework percentall hours percentsome hours percentteleworked thousandspeople at work thousands
management-professional-and-related-occupationsManagement, professional, and related occupations36.216.519.625,89371,563
management-business-and-financial-operations-occupationsManagement, business, and financial operations occupations4420.523.513,66331,061
management-occupationsManagement occupations38.717.521.18,12421,008
business-and-financial-operations-occupationsBusiness and financial operations occupations55.126.728.45,53910,053
professional-and-related-occupationsProfessional and related occupations30.213.516.712,23040,502
computer-and-mathematical-occupationsComputer and mathematical occupations63.135.727.44,3326,867
architecture-and-engineering-occupationsArchitecture and engineering occupations35.312.622.71,3163,728
life-physical-and-social-science-occupationsLife, physical, and social science occupations32.613.119.56191,895
community-and-social-services-occupationsCommunity and social services occupations30.810.320.59102,953
legal-occupationsLegal occupations54.72034.79311,703
education-training-and-library-occupationsEducation, training, and library occupations12.93.49.51,2009,290
arts-design-entertainment-sports-and-media-occupationsArts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations4521241,5333,407
healthcare-practitioners-and-technical-occupationsHealthcare practitioners and technical occupations135.87.31,38910,660
service-occupationsService occupations5.23.221,32025,495
healthcare-support-occupationsHealthcare support occupations10.87.835995,566
protective-service-occupationsProtective service occupations5.32.62.61552,931
food-preparation-and-serving-related-occupationsFood preparation and serving related occupations1.20.21967,906
building-and-grounds-cleaning-and-maintenance-occupationsBuilding and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations2.10.41.71135,456
personal-care-and-service-occupationsPersonal care and service occupations9.87.42.43563,637
sales-and-office-occupationsSales and office occupations23.512.810.76,86129,255
sales-and-related-occupationsSales and related occupations23.611.6123,18413,490
office-and-administrative-support-occupationsOffice and administrative support occupations23.313.89.53,67815,766
natural-resources-construction-and-maintenance-occupationsNatural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations3.81.12.649213,097
farming-fishing-and-forestry-occupationsFarming, fishing, and forestry occupations2.61.31.4301,122
construction-and-extraction-occupationsConstruction and extraction occupations3.10.92.22357,587
installation-maintenance-and-repair-occupationsInstallation, maintenance, and repair occupations5.21.53.72284,388
production-transportation-and-material-moving-occupationsProduction, transportation, and material moving occupations31.71.359819,844
production-occupationsProduction occupations4.42.81.73578,042
transportation-and-material-moving-occupationsTransportation and material moving occupations211.124111,802
Breakdown

Industry

Chart viewAgriculture and related industries: 11.2%
Measure
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%Agriculture and related industriesAgriculture and related indu…Agriculture and related industries: 11.2%11.2%Nonagricultural industriesNonagricultural industriesNonagricultural industries: 22.3%22.3%Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extractionMining, quarrying, and oil a…Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction: 16.3%16.3%ConstructionConstructionConstruction: 10.6%10.6%ManufacturingManufacturingManufacturing: 19.5%19.5%Durable goods manufacturingDurable goods manufacturingDurable goods manufacturing: 18.5%18.5%Nondurable goods manufacturingNondurable goods manufacturi…Nondurable goods manufacturing: 21.4%21.4%Wholesale and retail tradeWholesale and retail tradeWholesale and retail trade: 12.5%12.5%Wholesale tradeWholesale tradeWholesale trade: 24.1%24.1%Retail tradeRetail tradeRetail trade: 10.4%10.4%Transportation and utilitiesTransportation and utilitiesTransportation and utilities: 9.5%9.5%Transportation and warehousingTransportation and warehousi…Transportation and warehousing: 6.5%6.5%UtilitiesUtilitiesUtilities: 26.1%26.1%InformationInformationInformation: 50.8%50.8%Telework PercentCategory
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Industry
keylabeltelework percentall hours percentsome hours percentteleworked thousandspeople at work thousands
agriculture-and-related-industriesAgriculture and related industries11.283.12792,495
nonagricultural-industriesNonagricultural industries22.310.611.634,886156,759
mining-quarrying-and-oil-and-gas-extractionMining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction16.33.113.193571
constructionConstruction10.63.47.11,19811,353
manufacturingManufacturing19.58.510.92,95615,178
durable-goods-manufacturingDurable goods manufacturing18.57.910.61,87310,108
nondurable-goods-manufacturingNondurable goods manufacturing21.49.811.61,0835,070
wholesale-and-retail-tradeWholesale and retail trade12.55.86.72,36218,921
wholesale-tradeWholesale trade24.19.914.16932,880
retail-tradeRetail trade10.455.41,67016,041
transportation-and-utilitiesTransportation and utilities9.53.5698110,331
transportation-and-warehousingTransportation and warehousing6.52.44.15738,770
utilitiesUtilities26.19.416.74081,561
informationInformation50.827.723.11,3802,715
financial-activitiesFinancial activities5427.126.95,78010,705
finance-and-insuranceFinance and insurance59.530.828.74,6357,793
real-estate-and-rental-and-leasingReal estate and rental and leasing39.317.222.11,1452,912
professional-and-business-servicesProfessional and business services44.125.318.89,20320,860
professional-and-technical-servicesProfessional and technical services58.133.824.37,81713,444
management-administrative-and-waste-servicesManagement, administrative, and waste services18.79.98.81,3877,416
education-and-health-servicesEducation and health services17.87.89.96,66437,541
educational-servicesEducational services16.54.711.82,28413,830
health-care-and-social-assistanceHealth care and social assistance18.59.68.84,38023,712
hospitalsHospitals15.37.87.51,2778,355
health-services-except-hospitalsHealth services, except hospitals19.210.48.72,21511,555
social-assistanceSocial assistance23.311.3128873,801
leisure-and-hospitalityLeisure and hospitality8.13.251,07813,256
arts-entertainment-and-recreationArts, entertainment, and recreation18.87.611.26253,327
accommodation-and-food-servicesAccommodation and food services4.61.72.94539,929
other-servicesOther services18.98.210.71,4177,514
other-services-except-private-householdsOther services, except private households19.88.411.41,3706,923
private-householdsPrivate households7.95.62.447591
public-administrationPublic administration22.77.814.91,7737,814
Breakdown

Class of worker(3)

Chart viewWage and salary workers, excluding incorporated self-employed: 20.5%
Measure
0%10%20%30%40%50%Wage and salary workers, excluding incorporated self-employedWage and salary workers, exc…Wage and salary workers, excluding incorporated self-employed: 20.5%20.5%Private industriesPrivate industriesPrivate industries: 21.1%21.1%GovernmentGovernmentGovernment: 16.6%16.6%FederalFederalFederal: 17.6%17.6%StateStateState: 25.1%25.1%LocalLocalLocal: 9.4%9.4%Self-employed workersSelf-employed workersSelf-employed workers: 36.9%36.9%Self-employed workers, incorporatedSelf-employed workers, incor…Self-employed workers, incorporated: 41.3%41.3%Self-employed workers, unincorporatedSelf-employed workers, uninc…Self-employed workers, unincorporated: 33.6%33.6%Telework PercentCategory
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Class of worker(3)
keylabeltelework percentall hours percentsome hours percentteleworked thousandspeople at work thousands
wage-and-salary-workers-excluding-incorporated-self-employedWage and salary workers, excluding incorporated self-employed20.59.411.129,400143,549
private-industriesPrivate industries21.110.11125,852122,239
governmentGovernment16.65.211.53,54721,310
federalFederal17.6710.67053,993
stateState25.18.516.61,9357,702
localLocal9.41.77.79079,615
self-employed-workersSelf-employed workers36.921.515.45,76015,613
self-employed-workers-incorporatedSelf-employed workers, incorporated41.32021.32,7416,634
self-employed-workers-unincorporatedSelf-employed workers, unincorporated33.622.6113,0198,979
Methodology

WFH.team retrieves BLS CPS tables A-41 and A-42 and publishes the displayed counts and percent distributions without changing the official telework definition. Counts are reported in thousands.

Limitations

CPS estimates are survey estimates, are not seasonally adjusted, and may be affected by annual population-control or classification changes. BLS telework is not identical to Census commuting or job-listing measures.

Citation generator

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WFH.team. (2026). U.S. telework participation by worker and job characteristics: 2026-10 (Revision 1) [Data set]. https://wfh.team/research/datasets/us-telework-participation/2026-10
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2026-1022.1% of people at work teleworked for pay in October 2026October 31, 2026 · r12026-0921.9% of people at work teleworked for pay in September 2026September 30, 2026 · r12026-0821.6% of people at work teleworked for pay in August 2026August 31, 2026 · r12026-0722.2% of people at work teleworked for pay in July 2026July 31, 2026 · r1